(1)及物动词(可以直接带宾语) He gave me some advice on how to get rid of pets.
(2)不及物动词(不可以直接带宾语)
A traffic accident happened on the Hong Xing road yesterday.
2.系动词【系动词后常接形容词做表语,不接副词尤其是以ly结尾的副词作表语】
1)、表示“是”的动词be。这个词在不同的主语后面和不同的时态中有不同的形式,is,am,are,was,were,have/has been等要特别予以注意。
例如:He was a soldier two years ago.两年前他是个士兵。
2)、表示“感觉”的动词,如look(看起来),feel(觉得,摸起来),smell(闻起来),sound(听起来),taste(尝起来)等,例如:
The story sounds interesting.这个故事听起来很有趣。
3)、表示“变”、“变成”的意思的动词,如become, go, get, grow, turn,come(true),fall(ill/asleep) 都解释为“变”、“变得”,例如:
She became a college student.=She turned college student.她成了一名大学生。
4)、表“保持和好像”等含义的动词
如 keep,stay, remain,seem,appear,prove
It is important to keep healthy.
3.情态动词:can(could),must, may(might),should ,had better, would rather, have to【情态动词后必须接动词原形】
4.助动词:这类词本身无词义,不能单独作谓语,只能与主要动词一起构成谓语,表示不同的时态、语态、表示句子的否定和疑问,例如:
(1)do、does、did:构成否定句或疑问句【这类助动词后必须接动词原形】
He does not speak English well.他英语讲得不好。
(句中的does是助动词,既表示一般现在时,又与not一起构成否定形式。)
(2)is、am、are、were、was:构成进行时态、完成进行时或被动语态
Football is played all over the world.全世界都踢足球。
(句中的is 是助动词,和played一起构成被动语态。)
(3)has、have、had:构成完成时态
When I got to the cinema, the film had begun.当我到达电影院时,电影已经开始了。
(4)will、shall、would:构成将来时态【这类助动词后必须接动词原形】
I shall write to you again at the end of the month. 月底我再给你写封信。
(shall 与write构成一般将来时,shall用于将来时只用在I和we的后面。)
二、常考高频动词短语
感知真题:在空格处填入适当的词(1词)
1.【2017天津卷改编】Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter settle_________, get married, and have
kids.
Keys:down 【settle down 定居;安顿下来】
2.【2017江苏改编】Working with the medical team in Africa has brought_______ the best in her as a doctor.
Keys:out 【bring out使显现,出版,阐明】
3.【2016江苏改编】Many businesses started up by college students have taken________thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation. Keys:off 【take off起飞,成功,受欢迎】
4.【2016江苏改编】Parents should actively urge their children to take advantage______the opportunity to join sports teams.
Key:of 【 take advantage of 利用】
5.【2016浙江改编】12.When their children lived far away from them , these old people felt cut ______from the world.
Keys: off 【cut off切断】
三、熟词生义词汇
翻译下列句子并注意黑体字的含义
1.The school admits 200 new boys and girls every year.
Key:学校每年招收200名新生。【admit:熟义:承认,允许 生义:招收,接纳】
2.Book in advance if you want to be sure of a seat.
Key:如果你要确保有座位,你就提前预定【book:熟义:书 生义:预定】
3.A journalist was sent to cover the traffic accident.
Key:一个记者被派去采访这次的交通事故。【cover:熟义:覆盖,封面,盖子 生义:采访,涉及】
4.But she was heart-broken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet developed.
Keys:但是她非常伤心
,因为丢失了几卷还未冲洗的柯达胶卷。【film:熟义:电影生义:胶卷】【develop: 熟义:发展 生义:冲洗】
5.The boy first showed promise as an athlete in primary school.
Keys:这个男孩在上小学的时候就初次显示出成为运动员的潜力/希望。【promise:熟义:承诺 生义:希望,迹象,预示】
四、动词与动词短语应考技巧
重点要在理解的基础上熟记常用动词和动词短语的含义与用法。