咱们在《托福考试官方攻略第4版》（以下简称《官方攻略》）供给的中、等级低答案的评语中常常能看到这样的话：”The support for her ideas is vague and unclear”(OG, 4th, 550), “This speaker discusses… in a vague way that is sometimes difficult to understand.”(OG, 4th, 558)。从考官的评语来看，考生答口语题时证明的迷糊性是一个很大的疑

问，也是一个失分点。有许多考生英语语音和语法词汇方面都不错，但因为证明无力而没有得到本可以得到的高分。下面咱们关于托福口语独立使命题，来谈论一下如何让考生的证明愈加有力，在topic develop方面为自个前进分数。

首要，考生在答复独立使命标题时不要过多偏重叙说、描绘、罗列的有些，描绘简略即可，罗列有两到三个层次即可，给证明有些留出更多的时刻。咱们晓得在托福口语的task one中，咱们一般要结束description, giving reasons, giving examples and details三个使命。比方《官方攻略》在task one 题胁叫锈中引入了一个标题：”Choose a teacher you admire and explain why you admire him or her. Please include specific examples and details in your explanation.”这道题清楚需求要先”描绘”一下这位教师，再”说明”为啥敬佩他/她，最终用”细节和比方”进行证明。许多同学在此用过长的篇幅来描绘这位教师，如身高、年纪、五官等等，占有了一半支配的时刻，致使后边说明缘由不时刻不充分，只能草草结束。而《官方攻略》在辅导这道题的时分清楚阐明对教师的描绘大约是一种”briefly describing”（OG, 4th, 168），比方简略说一下这位教师所教的类别或许他/她是你哪个年纪段的教师等，剩下更多时刻大约阐明敬佩这位教师的缘由，比方教师身上某一种尊贵的质量，而且要供给细节去证明为啥这种质量值得敬佩。一般来说，前面的目标描绘有些最佳控制在10秒以内，这样有助于用足够的时刻打开证明，不会使答案虎头蛇尾，证明无力。

另一个影响有力证明的做法是过度罗列缘由此不做具体阐明。比方一道独立使命题就给出四五个缘由，没有时刻证明每一个缘由的可靠性，尽管考生说出了许多内容，但仍然不契合ETS的高分标准。《官方攻略》清楚指出”长罗列”表象应避免，每条理由充分阐释才是王道：”When giving descriptions, try to avoid presenting long lists since this will reduce the time you have available to elaborate on the rest of your response”(OG, 4th, p. 167, tip 2)。而且《官方攻略》在供给的第三套操练题的task two中刚好举出了反例。这道题需求考生选择喜爱独立结束作业仍是在小组中与别人一起结束，《官方攻略》指出不可以过度罗列，大约给出一到两个理由进行充分阐释：”You should not simply give a list of reasons, such as ‘I prefer to work in groups because it is more interesting plus many people help and also you can learn from other people…’ It’s better if you develop one or two reasons fully.”（OG, 4th, p. 550）《官方攻略》还专门举出比方指出阐释的办法，即给出具体的自个阅历：”For example, if you prefer to work in groups, you could say, ‘I prefer working in groups because usually in group work, different people know different things about the topic, and because of that, you get a deeper understanding of the assignment. For example, there was a student from Venezuela in a group assignment I had, and we were supposed to describe how crude oil prices are set. She helped us understand problems in oil production in a much deeper way because her parents worked in oil production…'” 可见，契合官方需求的答案，大约是以举例证明为主，证明有些大约具体一些，才干使答案更有说服力。因而，同学们答题时刻最佳这样分配：10秒钟以内描绘目标，然后给出两个理由，每一个理由用实例论说15秒支配，保证证明充分。

其次，证明时条理要清楚，依照从一般到具体的次序进行。用官方的?担?it is important that you begin by clearly stating what your opinion is.”许多同学在答题时认为说话次序无所谓，只需信息量大就行，其实否则。条理不清楚的证明也会被削弱力气，比方有的同学在亮明观念之前先讲故事，致使考官要吃力听完这个故事才干了解观念。如2012年11月24日大陆考试第一题：”Is it good for college students do part time jobs?”有的同学说完” I agree with this statement”之后紧接着讲道：”I once took a part time job as a training teacher, and I…”，就这样讲了一下自个的阅历之后，才总结道：”This experience proves that part-time job will enhance my social communication skills.” 这样的证明次序尽管道出了无缺信息，可是考官需要先听完考生讲完一段故事才干了解考生附和这个观念的缘由是啥，构成了考官承受信息的困难。正确的做法大约是先阐明认为part-time job好的缘由，即可以”enhance my social communication skills”，然后再用后边的比方证明，从一般到具体，层层铺开，契合评分标准以及考官接收信息的习气，逻辑理解了，证明天然也就清楚有力了。

最终一点极为重要，就是在给出缘由的时分，要避免单独运用以下词汇做理由：good, nice, beautiful, important, wonderful, interesting, 等等，因为这些都是官方给出的反例。《官方攻略》在550页一个中档分数的评语中就有对important这个词单独做缘由进行了批判。这样的比方还有许多，如《官方攻略》供给的第一套操练题task one：”Choose a place you go to often that is important to you and explain why it is important. Please include specific details in your explanation.”

官方就清楚指出不能以”I like this place because it is nice”作为理由。而可取的理由是这样的：”I like this place because it is quiet and peaceful”。从官方给出的这组比照来看，好的理由不过是由nice变成了quiet或peaceful，一个更为具体的词，原理很简略，因为这些具体的词更简略由具体比方直接来证明，如官方给出细节证明peaceful时就用了以下细节来打开信息：”Listening to the ocean waves on the beach relaxes me and helps me to relieve stress”(OG，4th, p. 323)。假定缘由有些说成nice, 恐怕任何细节和比方都不能非常有关于性地进行阐释。

相同地，官方给的第二套标题task one:”What kind of reading material, such as novels, magazines, or poetry, do you most like to read in your free time? Explain why you find this kind of reading material interesting”也相同需求不能用笼统词汇直接做理由，不和比便利是：”I like to read magazines because they contain a lot of interesting information”。《官方攻略》清楚指出这是一个vague的说明，因为interesting这个词太笼统。一个更充分的说明可所以：”I like to read news magazines because they provide more detailed information about current events than television news shows or newspapers can”，然后再举例说明为啥杂志里的信息愈加详尽。说到细节如何给，《官方攻略》也主张过处以给出specific occasions或许是personal experience. 如这个喜爱杂志的缘由可给出的细节即可所以具体的新闻特征介绍，也可所以自个读新闻的阅历。

总之，证明有些是独立使命的最重要构成有些，大约用较长的篇幅来答复，而且信息要向前推进，例子与观念要紧扣，不可以脱节。让自个的证明愈加有力是托福口语独立使命成功的要害。

联接：托福有关课程举荐

》》更多托福口语辅导

更多托福资讯请造访》》》新东方网TOEFL频道

我要报班》》新东方托福辅导课程