Teenage boys, regardless of race,are more likely to die from gunshot woundsthan from all natural causes combined.

By the time the average American child leaves primary school, he or shewill witness 8,000 murders and more than 100,000 acts of violence ontelevision.

Youth are becoming involved in violence at an alarming rate. In fact, theyoung arrest rate for murder doubled, from 6 arrests per 100,000 youth aged from10 to 17 to over 12 per 100,000.

The American Psychological Association Commission on Violence and Youthreported on a study of first and second graders in Washington DC:45% said theyhad witnessed muggings (行凶抢劫),31 % said they had witnessed shootings, and 39%said they had seen dead bodies.

For the many youth who have not been directly exposed to violence in theirown communities, the entertainment media (television, movies, music and videogames) provides many opportunities for children to see and hear violentexchanges. Research shows that there are about 5-6 violent acts per hour onprime time and 20-25 violent acts on Saturday morning children’s programming. Inits report, the American Psychological Association (APA) reported that viewingviolence on television hurts children in many ways. In particular, the APAconcludes that children may become less sensitive to the pain and suffering ofothers,be more fearful of the world around them,be more likely to behave inaggressive or harmful ways toward others, and gradually accept violence as a wayto solve problems. The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry alsocautions that children may imitate the violence they observe on television.

Another form of violence involving youth is physical punishment in theschools. This form of discipline still remains legally supported in 23 nationsin America. The Office for Civil Rights in the Department of Education reportedthat 555，000 students were physically punished in the schools during this schoolyear. Although such punishment has been regarded as an effective method ofdiscipline by those who apply it, the findings are obvious that physicalpunishment does not work and that children who are victims of physicalpunishment are subject to potential

long-term physical and emotional damage.

　练习题：

Choose correct answers to the question:

1.According to the passage, the American teenage boys，lives aremost threatened by ______

A.gun murders

B.natural diseases

C.TV violence

D. physical punishment

　2.The author tends to use the fourth paragraph to support the ideathat _____

A.many youth have watched much violence on TV

B.youth violence in Washington D.C.is very serious

C.fights may be the most widely-seen youth violence

D.American youth have been exposed to much violence

　3.The APA indicates that too much TV violence may change children______

A.to become separated from the world

B.to remain indifferent to others’ pain

C.to solve problems only by violence

D.to be fearful of aggressive behaviors

　4.The passage does NOT discus that many youth become victim of______

A.murders B.family violence C. TV violence D.school violence

　5.The author may most probably agree that physical punishment is_________

A. acceptable, though ineffective

B. illegal，though effective

C. harmful, though legal

D. reasonable, though illegal

1.[A] 事实细节题。本题考查对比处。根据第1段中的morelikely…than可知选项A正确，选项B可由此排除。选项C和D虽在文中有提到，但作者并无讨论它们是否危及孩子的生命。

2.[D] 主旨大意题。文章第1和第2段提出话题:小孩接触太多暴力。第3段和第4段讨论小孩遇到的严重暴力，如murder,muggings等，为主题服务，因此本段应支持文章开头提出的话题。本段说明的是现实生活中的暴力，而非电视上的，故选项A不对,选项B和C都只是对本段中某个现象的描述。

3.[B] 推理判断题。本题考査列举处。选项B是对第5段倒数第2句中become less sensitive to the pain andsuffering ofothers的近义替换，因此正确。选项A中的isolated并不等同于文中的fearful，也不是因为害怕世界必然带来的结果。选项C中的only过于绝对，文中只说away。选项D拼凑了原句中的某些词语，但文中并无此意。

4. [B] 主旨大意题。本文结构可分为四部分：第1段和第2段总起，指出论题;第二部分讨论murder等严重暴力;第三部分即第5段讨论TVviolence;第四部分即最后一段讨论学校里的体罚，也就是school violence。因此只有选项B没有在文中讨论。

5. [C]观点态度题。根据最后一段,特别是最后一句，可以推断作者认为体罚不起作用，并对学生身心产生有害的影响，由此可见，作者不认同体罚，因此选项A和D不正确。选项B中的illegal与文中说法相反，因此也不正确。