??需要层次理论(Maslow’s hierarchy of needs)由美国心思学家亚伯拉罕·马斯洛(Abraham Harold Maslow )1943年提出，全部的答复了人为啥活着这个出题。此需要理论金字塔从最初级到最高档别离是生理需要、平安需要、社会交际需要、尊敬的需要和自我完成的需要。接下来咱们就联系托福真题逐个分析马斯洛需要层次理论是如何使用于托福口语的。

　　· 生理需要Physiological Needs

人最根柢的、也是最急迫的需要就是生理需要如衣食住行food, clothes and shelter. 请看这道题：

When choosing a university, which of the following factors do you careabout most: cost, size location? Why this characteristic is the most importantto you?

当你选择大学的时分你是垂青本钱、巨细仍是当地并给出具体的缘由，看似此题跟根柢生理需要没有任何联络，假定咱们选择location的话不难发现一个大城市可以非常好的满足人最根柢的生理需要。吃货可以去fancyrestaurants，没衣裳穿了可以去shopping mall购物, 无聊了还可以去bar或许coffeeshop消遣，而关于这些需要大城市相关于小当地更简略满足人最根柢的生理需要。

参阅段子：

I would say location is the most important factor I care about, cuz if Ichose to study in a big city like New York, Boston and Los Angeles, I would geta better chance not to get bored. I am the kind of person who likes the hustlebustle of big cities, I can explore the culinary delights in the fancyrestaurants, going to the shopping mall to choose my outfits, and whenever Ifeel really fed up with my study I can always go to the bars and coffee shops tohang out with my friend.

解析：以上的段子里边有细节如城市称号纽约、波士顿和洛杉矶，当然也有许多店肆的细节：餐厅、商场、咖啡馆和酒吧，这些细节奇妙的联系了马斯洛需要层次理论中最根柢的生理需要。

　　· 平安需要 Safety and Security Needs

在满足生理需要之后，人还盼望得到平安平稳如选择一个平安的社区居住，寻求作业上的平安，患病了有医疗稳妥或是满足的钱看病等等。请看以下标题：

If you had some extra money, would spend it right away or save it? Whichchoice do you prefer and why? Include details in your explanation.

参阅段子：

Personally, I would say I am a conservative person and like to save somemoney for future use. When we have enough food and proper shelter to live, wealso have to think about our safety, like what if you had a bad ac

cident and arein urgent need some of money and have no money to spend. Saving the money forfuture emergency sounds like a better option for me.

解析：

联系马斯洛需要层次理论，上面的段子在阐明满足根柢需要之外，人还需要平安感进而引到自个的观念上来，假定哪一天呈现意外没有钱咋办，经过这个比方阐明要未雨绸缪防患于未然。

再如这个标题：

Describe your most favorite place for vocation.

这道题咱们可以联系前两个需要即生理需要和平安需要来答复，关于生理需要(吃喝玩乐)咱们就不赘述请参阅地址语料库。关于平安需要可以说：

XXXX is also a very safe place. A place where a women can walk on thestreets alone in the middle of the night without fear is pretty hard to find,and during my stay in XXX, sometime I find it hard to fall asleep and I oftentake late night walks along the beach and never had any problems, it is such asafe place.